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Palo Alto Networks NetSec-Analyst Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Management and Operations: This section of the exam measures the skills of Security Operations Professionals and covers the use of centralized management tools to maintain and monitor firewall environments. It focuses on Strata Cloud Manager, folders, snippets, automations, variables, and logging services. Candidates are also tested on using Command Center, Activity Insights, Policy Optimizer, Log Viewer, and incident-handling tools to analyze security data and improve the organization overall security posture. The goal is to validate competence in managing day-to-day firewall operations and responding to alerts effectively.

Topic 2

Troubleshooting: This section of the exam measures the skills of Technical Support Analysts and covers the identification and resolution of configuration and operational issues. It includes troubleshooting misconfigurations, runtime errors, commit and push issues, device health concerns, and resource usage problems. This domain ensures candidates can analyze failures across management systems and on-device functions, enabling them to maintain a stable and reliable security infrastructure.

Topic 3

Object Configuration Creation and Application: This section of the exam measures the skills of Network Security Analysts and covers the creation, configuration, and application of objects used across security environments. It focuses on building and applying various security profiles, decryption profiles, custom objects, external dynamic lists, and log forwarding profiles. Candidates are expected to understand how data security, IoT security, DoS protection, and SD-WAN profiles integrate into firewall operations. The objective of this domain is to ensure analysts can configure the foundational elements required to protect and optimize network security using Strata Cloud Manager.

Topic 4

Policy Creation and Application: This section of the exam measures the abilities of Firewall Administrators and focuses on creating and applying different types of policies essential to secure and manage traffic. The domain includes security policies incorporating App-ID, User-ID, and Content-ID, as well as NAT, decryption, application override, and policy-based forwarding policies. It also covers SD-WAN routing and SLA policies that influence how traffic flows across distributed environments. The section ensures professionals can design and implement policy structures that support secure, efficient network operations.

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Palo Alto Networks Network Security Analyst Sample Questions (Q159-Q164):

NEW QUESTION # 159
An enterprise is deploying a new containerized application infrastructure, using Kubernetes, exposed via a dedicated load balancer that sits behind a Palo Alto Networks firewall. The security team anticipates a very high, burstable volume of legitimate traffic, but also expects sophisticated HTTP/2-based DoS attacks that exploit the protocol's multiplexing capabilities and header compression. The firewall needs to detect and mitigate these without impacting legitimate, high-concurrency connections. Given that standard HTTP/I .1 flood protection might be insufficient, what advanced DoS profile configurations should be prioritized for the Palo Alto Networks firewall to protect this environment, assuming HTTP/2 inspection is enabled?

A. Enable 'HTTP Flood' protection with 'Per-Request Rate' and 'Per-Source IP Rate' thresholds, and configure 'Syn-Cookie' as the action. Also, set a low 'Client Read Timeout' in 'Slow HTTP Protection' to counter slow HTTP/2 attacks.
B. Implement 'Zone Protection' on the ingress zone, enabling 'Flood Protection' for 'HTTP Flood' and setting 'Action: Reset'. Complement this with 'IP Address Block' for sources exceeding a high connection rate.
C. Utilize 'HTTP Flood' protection within a DoS Protection Profile, ensuring 'HTTP/2' is enabled for inspection on the relevant security policy. Set 'Per-Request Rate' and 'Per-Source IP Rate' aggressively, and importantly, tune 'Per-URL Rate' and 'URL Query String Length' thresholds to detect malformed or excessively long HTTP/2 requests/streams.
D. Focus on 'Session Based Attack Protection' with very high 'Max Concurrent Sessions' and 'Session Rate' thresholds, coupled with 'Packet Based Attack Protection' for TCP and UDP floods to handle general volumetric attacks.
E. Configure 'DoS Protection Policy' with 'Target' rules for the load balancer IPs. Within these rules, enable 'HTTP Flood' protection. Critically, utilize 'HTTP Header Length' and 'HTTP Header Count' thresholds to detect HTTP/2 'HPACK Bomb' or excessive header attacks. Also, set 'Client Read Timeout' for 'Slow HTTP Protection' and ensure 'Action: Protect' is chosen for relevant thresholds.

Answer: E

Explanation:
This is a very specific scenario targeting HTTP/2 vulnerabilities. Standard HTTP/I .1 rate limiting (A, B, C partially) might not be enough because HTTP/2 multiplexing means many logical streams (requests) can occur over a single TCP connection, potentially bypassing 'Per-session' limits. HTTP/2 also has vulnerabilities like 'HPACK Bomb' (excessive header size/count) and slow stream processing. Option E directly addresses these: 1. Target rules for load balancer IPs: Ensures protection is focused. 2. HTTP Flood protection: General HTTP volume. 3. HTTP Header Length and HTTP Header Count: These are CRITICAL for detecting HTTP/2-specific attacks like 'HPACK Bomb' which exploit header compression to consume resources with small packet sizes. This is an advanced feature not present in basic HTTP flood protection. 4. Client Read Timeout: Essential for slow HTTP/2 stream attacks. 5. Action: Protect: Provides a controlled response (e.g., reset stream) rather than outright blocking, minimizing impact on legitimate connections. Option C is close but misses the specific HTTP/2 header-based protections which are vital. Option A incorrectly suggests Syn-Cookie for HTTP and is too simplistic. Option B is too generic. Option D is less granular and reactive. Option E provides the most comprehensive and targeted defense for HTTP/2 DoS.

NEW QUESTION # 160
Consider a large-scale network migration where an organization is transitioning thousands of physical Palo Alto Networks firewalls to a mix of physical and virtual firewalls, all to be managed by Strata Cloud Manager (SCM). The migration plan involves frequent, scheduled policy updates across different device groups. How can an administrator programmatically automate the policy update process and verify successful deployment for multiple device groups using SCM's API?

A. Implement an SNMP-based monitoring system to push configurations and receive alerts.
B. Develop a Python script that leverages SCM's RESTful API endpoints for configuration management and retrieves job status for deployment validation.
C. Manually SSH into each firewall and apply policy updates sequentially, then check logs locally.
D. Deploy a dedicated firewall management server (Panorama) instead of SCM for such a large migration.
E. Utilize the SCM GUI for batch operations, as API is not suitable for large-scale migrations.

Answer: B

Explanation:
SCM's robust RESTful API is designed for programmatic interaction and automation. For a large-scale migration, a Python script (or similar) can be developed to: 1. Authenticate with SCM API. 2. Construct policy update payloads. 3. Send API requests to push policies to specific device groups. 4. Poll SCM's API for job status (commit and push operations) to verify successful deployment across all targeted firewalls. This method provides scalability, automation, and verifiable deployment, which is crucial for large migrations.

NEW QUESTION # 161
A Palo Alto Networks Network Security Analyst notices a pattern of 'DNS sinkhole' logs in the Log Viewer. These logs indicate internal hosts attempting to resolve known malicious domains, and the firewall is successfully redirecting these requests to the configured sinkhole IP. However, no corresponding 'critical' or 'high' severity alerts are appearing on the Incidents and Alerts page, despite the potential severity of internal compromise. What configuration element is MOST likely missing or misconfigured that would prevent these sinkhole events from generating an incident?

A. The Anti-Spyware profile applied to the relevant security policy does not have the 'DNS Sinkhole' action set to 'alert' or 'block' for the respective threat category.
B. The WildFire Analysis profile is not enabled for DNS traffic, so no verdict is generated.
C. The Security Policy rule allowing DNS traffic has its 'Action' set to 'allow' instead of 'allow-log'.
D. The DNS Proxy setting on the firewall is not enabled, preventing proper sinkholing.
E. The Log Fomarding profile is not configured to send 'threat' logs with 'severity: high' to the Cortex Data Lake for incident correlation.

Answer: A

Explanation:
DNS Sinkholing is a feature of the Anti-Spyware profile. For DNS sinkhole events to generate alerts and incidents, the Anti-Spyware profile applied to the security policy allowing the DNS traffic must be configured to take an 'alert' or 'block' action when a DNS sinkhole event occurs. If the action is set to 'default' and the default does not include alerting, or if it's set to 'allow' without logging an alert, then no incident will be generated, even if the sinkholing itself is successful and logged. Option A is incorrect because sinkholing is occurring and logs are generated. Option C is plausible if no threat logs were generated at all, but here logs exist, just not alerts. Option D is irrelevant to basic DNS sinkhole alerting. Option E affects logging, but not the generation of an alert from a security profile's action.

NEW QUESTION # 162
How are Application Fillers or Application Groups used in firewall policy?

A. An Application Filter is a dynamic way to group applications and can be configured as a nested member of an Application Group
B. An Application Group is a dynamic way of grouping applications and can be configured as a nested member of an Application Group
C. An Application Group is a static way of grouping applications and cannot be configured as a nested member of Application Group
D. An Application Filter is a static way of grouping applications and can be configured as a nested member of an Application Group

Answer: A

NEW QUESTION # 163
A security architect is designing a highly automated incident response workflow using Palo Alto Networks Panorama and external SOAR (Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response) platform. The workflow needs to dynamically quarantine compromised endpoints by adding their IP addresses to a 'Quarantine' Dynamic Address Group (DAG) on Panoram a. The DAG then triggers a block policy. Which of the following code snippets (or API calls) demonstrates the correct and most efficient method for a SOAR platform to add an IP address to an existing DAG via Panorama's XML API?

Answer: E

Explanation:
To add an IP address to a Dynamic Address Group (DAG) in Palo Alto Networks, you typically create an 'address object with a specific 'tag' , and the DAG is configured to match on that 'tag'. The most efficient way for a SOAR platform is to create a new address object (often with a unique name for the IP) and apply the correct tag that the DAG is listening for. This is followed by a 'commit' to make the change active. Let's break down the options: A: This attempts to add a static member to an 'address-group'. DAGs are not populated by static members directly added to the group definition. They are populated by matching tags on address objects. B: This attempts to set a 'tag' directly on an 'address-group' named 'Quarantine'. This is not how DAGs are dynamically populated. The 'tag' element within an address-group definition specifies the criteria for dynamic population, not the IP itself. C: This is for log forwarding profiles, completely unrelated to address objects or groups. D: This attempts to add a member directly under the 'tag' element of an address group, which is structurally incorrect for creating an address object with a tag that a DAG consumes. E: This is the correct and most granular approach. It first creates an 'address' object (e.g., 'quarantined-ip-10.1.1. I(Y) with the specific IP ('10.1.1.10/32') and crucially assigns a 'tag' (e.g., 'QuarantineTag') to it. Your pre- existing Dynamic Address Group 'Quarantine' would be configured to include all addresses tagged with 'QuarantineTag'. This automatically adds the IP to the DAG. The subsequent 'commit' command pushes the changes to the firewall, making the new address object and its tag visible to the DAG and thus activating the blocking policy. This is the standard, programmatic way to interact with DAGs via API.

NEW QUESTION # 164
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