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The SecOps Group Certified Network Security Practitioner 認定 CNSP 試験問題 (Q14-Q19):
質問 # 14
What is the response from an open UDP port which is behind a firewall (port is open on the firewall)?
正解:A
解説:
UDP (User Datagram Protocol), per RFC 768, is connectionless, lacking TCP's handshake or acknowledgment mechanisms. When a UDP packet reaches a port:
Closed Port: The host typically sends an ICMP "Destination Port Unreachable" (Type 3, Code 3) unless suppressed (e.g., by firewall or OS settings).
Open Port: If a service is listening (e.g., DNS on 53/UDP), it processes the packet but doesn't inherently reply unless the application protocol requires it (e.g., DNS sends a response).
Scenario: An open UDP port behind a firewall, with the firewall rule allowing traffic (e.g., permit udp any host 10.0.0.1 eq 123). The packet reaches the service, but UDP itself doesn't mandate a response. Most services (e.g., NTP, SNMP) only reply if the packet matches an expected request. In this question's generic context (no specific service), no response is the default, as the firewall permits the packet, and the open port silently accepts it without feedback.
Security Implications: This silence makes UDP ports harder to scan (e.g., Nmap assumes "open|filtered" for no response), but exposed open ports risk amplification attacks (e.g., DNS reflection). CNSP likely contrasts UDP's behavior with TCP for firewall rule crafting.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . ICMP message showing Port Unreachable: Occurs for closed ports, not open ones, unless the service explicitly rejects the packet (rare).
C . A SYN Packet: SYN is TCP-specific (handshake initiation), irrelevant to UDP.
D . A FIN Packet: FIN is TCP-specific (connection closure), not UDP.
Real-World Context: Testing UDP 53 (DNS) with dig @8.8.8.8 +udp yields a response, but generic UDP probes (e.g., nc -u) often get silence.
質問 # 15
Which of the following is a valid DNS record type?
正解:D
解説:
DNS (Domain Name System) records define how domain names are mapped to various types of data, each serving a specific purpose in network operations. The question asks for valid DNS record types, and all listed options are recognized.
Why D is correct:
A . NAPTR record: The Naming Authority Pointer (NAPTR) record is used for service discovery and mapping domain names to services, protocols, and ports (e.g., in SIP or ENUM systems).
B . SRV record: The Service (SRV) record specifies the hostname and port for specific services (e.g., LDAP, XMPP), aiding in service location.
C . TXT record: The Text (TXT) record stores arbitrary text data, often for SPF, DKIM, or domain verification.
All are valid DNS record types per RFC standards and CNSP documentation, making "All of the above" the correct answer.
Why other options are incomplete: A, B, or C alone exclude other valid types listed, so D is the most comprehensive response.
質問 # 16
What ports does an MSSQL server typically use?
正解:C
解説:
Microsoft SQL Server (MSSQL) relies on specific ports for its core services, as defined by Microsoft and registered with IANA:
1433/TCP: The default port for the SQL Server Database Engine. Clients connect here for querying databases (e.g., via ODBC or JDBC). It's a well-known port, making it a frequent target for attacks if exposed.
1434/UDP: Used by the SQL Server Browser Service, which listens for incoming requests and redirects clients to the correct port/instance (especially for named instances). It's critical for discovering dynamic ports when 1433 isn't used.
1434/TCP: Less commonly highlighted but used in some configurations, such as dedicated admin connections (DAC) or when the Browser Service responds over TCP for specific instances. While 1433/TCP is the primary engine port, 1434/TCP can be involved in multi-instance setups.
Technical Details:
Ports can be customized (e.g., via SQL Server Configuration Manager), but these are defaults.
Named instances often use dynamic ports (allocated from the ephemeral range), with the Browser Service (1434/UDP) guiding clients to them.
Firewalls must allow these ports for MSSQL to function externally, posing risks if not secured (e.g., brute-force attacks on 1433/TCP).
Security Implications: CNSP likely covers MSSQL port security, as vulnerabilities like SQL Slammer (2003) exploited 1434/UDP misconfigurations. Hardening includes restricting access, changing defaults, and monitoring traffic.
Why other options are incorrect:
A . 1433/TCP, 2433/UDP, 3433/TCP: 2433/UDP and 3433/TCP are not MSSQL standards; they're likely typos or unrelated ports.
C . 1433/TCP, 2433/UDP, 1434/TCP: 2433/UDP is incorrect; 1434/UDP is the Browser Service port.
D . 1533/TCP, 1434/UDP, 2434/TCP: 1533/TCP and 2434/TCP aren't associated with MSSQL; they deviate from documented defaults.
Real-World Context: Tools like netstat -an | find "1433" on Windows confirm MSSQL's port usage during audits.
質問 # 17
Where are the password hashes stored in a Microsoft Windows 64-bit system?
正解:A
解説:
Windows stores password hashes in the SAM (Security Account Manager) file, with a consistent location across 32-bit and 64-bit systems.
Why B is correct: The SAM file resides at C:WindowsSystem32configSAM, locked during system operation for security. CNSP notes this for credential extraction risks.
Why other options are incorrect:
A: System64 does not exist; System32 is used even on 64-bit systems.
C: C:System64 is invalid; the path starts with Windows.
D: configSystem32 reverses the correct directory structure.
質問 # 18
In the context of the SSH (Secure Shell) public-private key authentication mechanism, which key is uploaded to the server and which key is used by the end-user for authentication?
正解:A
解説:
SSH (Secure Shell), per RFC 4251, uses asymmetric cryptography (e.g., RSA, ECDSA) for secure authentication:
Key Pair:
Public Key: Freely shareable, used to encrypt or verify.
Private Key: Secret, used to decrypt or sign.
Process:
User generates a key pair (e.g., ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096).
Public Key is uploaded to the server, appended to ~/.ssh/authorized_keys (e.g., via ssh-copy-id).
Private Key (e.g., ~/.ssh/id_rsa) stays on the user's machine.
Authentication: Client signs a challenge with the private key; server verifies it with the public key.
Technical Details:
Protocol: SSH-2 (RFC 4253) uses a Diffie-Hellman key exchange, then public-key auth.
Files: authorized_keys (server, 0644 perms), private key (client, 0600 perms).
Security: Private key exposure compromises all systems trusting the public key.
Security Implications: CNSP likely stresses key management (e.g., passphrases, rotation) and server-side authorized_keys hardening (e.g., PermitRootLogin no).
Why other options are incorrect:
B: Uploading the private key reverses the model, breaking security-anyone with the server's copy could authenticate as the user. Asymmetric crypto relies on the private key remaining secret.
Real-World Context: GitHub uses SSH public keys for repository access, with private keys on user devices.
質問 # 19
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CNSP模擬試験サンプル: https://www.tech4exam.com/CNSP-pass-shiken.html
The SecOps Group CNSP無料問題 面接の時、これらのスキルはあなたが目立つのをさせます、The SecOps Group CNSP無料問題 あなたの便宜のためにPDF版を提供します、The SecOps Group CNSP無料問題 なぜこれほど多くの認定が必要なのですか、The SecOps Group CNSP無料問題 日常から離れて理想的な生活を求めるには、職場で高い得点を獲得し、試合に勝つために余分なスキルを習得する必要があります、The SecOps Group CNSP試験ガイド資料は認定を望んでいる候補者にとって助けとなります、現時点で我々サイトCNSP 試験問題集を通して、試験に合格できるかどうかのを心配することがありませんよ。
さっさと片付けてやろうとオレ様はクローを振りかざした、然し都会と農村CNSPは何処まで行っても敵、味方ではないのだ、面接の時、これらのスキルはあなたが目立つのをさせます、あなたの便宜のためにPDF版を提供します。
完璧なCNSP無料問題 & 合格スムーズCNSP模擬試験サンプル | ユニークなCNSP資格試験 Certified Network Security Practitioner
なぜこれほど多くの認定が必要なのですか、日常から離れて理想的な生活を求めるには、職場で高い得点を獲得し、試合に勝つために余分なスキルを習得する必要があります、The SecOps Group CNSP試験ガイド資料は認定を望んでいる候補者にとって助けとなります。
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