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HashiCorp HCVA0-003 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic
Details

Topic 1

Vault Tokens: This section of the exam measures the skills of IAM Administrators and covers the types and lifecycle of Vault tokens. Candidates will learn to differentiate between service and batch tokens, understand root tokens and their limited use cases, and explore token accessors for tracking authentication sessions. The section also explains token time-to-live settings, orphaned tokens, and how to create tokens based on operational requirements.

Topic 2

Vault Leases: This section of the exam measures the skills of DevOps Engineers and covers the lease mechanism in Vault. Candidates will understand the purpose of lease IDs, renewal strategies, and how to revoke leases effectively. This section is crucial for managing dynamic secrets efficiently, ensuring that temporary credentials are appropriately handled within secure environments.

Topic 3

Encryption as a Service: This section of the exam measures the skills of Cryptography Specialists and focuses on Vault’s encryption capabilities. Candidates will learn how to encrypt and decrypt secrets using the transit secrets engine, as well as perform encryption key rotation. These concepts ensure secure data transmission and storage, protecting sensitive information from unauthorized access.

Topic 4

Vault Deployment Architecture: This section of the exam measures the skills of Platform Engineers and focuses on deployment strategies for Vault. Candidates will learn about self-managed and HashiCorp-managed cluster strategies, the role of storage backends, and the application of Shamir secret sharing in the unsealing process. The section also covers disaster recovery and performance replication strategies to ensure high availability and resilience in Vault deployments.

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HashiCorp Certified: Vault Associate (003)Exam Sample Questions (Q42-Q47):

NEW QUESTION # 42
Your organization uses a CI/CD pipeline to deploy its applications on Azure. During testing, you generate new credentials to validate Vault can create new credentials. The result of this command is below:
text
CollapseWrapCopy
$ vault read azure/creds/bryan-krausen
Key Value
--- -----
lease_id azure/creds/bryan-krausen/9eed0373-ca92-99b6-b914-779b7bb0e1d9 lease_duration 60m lease_renewable true client_id 532bf678-ee4e-6be1-116b-4e4221e445dd client_secret be60395b-4e6b-2b7e-a4b3-c449a5c00973 What commands can be used to revoke this secret after you have finished testing? (Select three)

A. vault lease revoke azure/
B. vault lease revoke -prefix azure/creds/bryan-krausen
C. vault lease revoke -prefix azure/
D. vault lease revoke azure/creds/bryan-krausen/9eed0373-ca92-99b6-b914-779b7bb0e1d9
E. vault lease revoke azure/creds/bryan-krausen

Answer: B,C,D

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Dynamic credentials are tracked by leases, revocable via vault lease revoke. The Vault documentation states:
"The vault lease revoke command is used to revoke a lease/secret created by a Vault secrets engine. Each lease that is created is tracked using a unique lease ID, which can be used to renew or revoke a lease.
* You can revoke an individual lease using the command vault lease revoke <lease_id>
* You can also revoke ALL leases from a secrets engine using the -prefix flag, such as vault lease revoke - prefix azure/
* You can also revoke leases created from a specific role by using the -prefix flag but specifying the path all the way to the role like this: vault lease revoke -prefix azure/creds/<role_name>"-Vault Commands: lease revoke
* B: Correct. vault lease revoke -prefix azure/ revokes all leases under azure/.
* C: Correct. vault lease revoke azure/creds/bryan-krausen/9eed0373-ca92-99b6-b914-779b7bb0e1d9 targets the specific lease ID.
* E: Correct. vault lease revoke -prefix azure/creds/bryan-krausen revokes all leases for that role.
* A: Incorrect; lacks the -prefix flag, making it invalid syntax.
* D: Incorrect; lacks the -prefix flag and isn't a full lease ID.
References:
Vault Commands: lease revoke

NEW QUESTION # 43
According to the screenshot below, what auth method did this client use to log in to Vault?
(Screenshot shows a lease path: auth/userpass/login/student01)

A. Child token
B. Auth
C. Userpass
D. Root token

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
The screenshot provides a lease path: auth/userpass/login/student01, which reveals the authentication method used to generate the token tied to this lease. Vault's auth methods create tokens at specific paths, and the path structure indicates the method.
* Option A: UserpassThe path auth/userpass/login/student01 explicitly includes userpass, matching the userpass auth method. This method authenticates users with a username (e.g., student01) and password, typically via vault login -method=userpass username=student01. The /login endpoint confirms a login operation, and the lease ties to the resulting token. This is the clear, correct answer based on the path.
Correct.Vault Docs Insight:"The userpass auth method allows users to authenticate with a username and password... mounted at auth/userpass by default." (Matches the path.)
* Option B: Auth"Auth" isn't an auth method-it's the namespace prefix (auth/) for all auth methods in Vault (e.g., auth/token, auth/userpass). The screenshot specifies userpass within auth/, not a generic
"auth" method. This option is a misnomer and incorrect.Vault Docs Insight:"All auth methods are mounted under auth/... 'auth' itself is not a method." (Clarifies structure.)
* Option C: Root tokenA root token is a privileged token type, not an auth method. It's created during Vault initialization or via auth/token/create with root privileges, not through a login path like auth
/userpass/login. The screenshot's path indicates a userpass login, not a root token usage. Incorrect.
Vault Docs Insight:"Root tokens are created at initialization... not tied to a specific auth method login path." (Distinct from userpass.)
* Option D: Child tokenA child token is a token created by a parent token (e.g., via vault token create), not an auth method. The path auth/userpass/login/student01 shows a login event, not a token creation event (which would be auth/token/create). This option confuses token hierarchy with authentication.
Incorrect.Vault Docs Insight:"Child tokens are created by parent tokens... not directly via login endpoints." (Different mechanism.) Detailed Mechanics:
When a user logs in with vault login -method=userpass -path=userpass username=student01, Vault hits the endpoint POST /v1/auth/userpass/login/student01 with a password payload. Success generates a token, and a lease is created at auth/userpass/login/student01 with a TTL. The screenshot's lease path directly reflects this process, pinpointing userpass as the method.
Real-World Example:
Enable userpass: vault auth enable userpass. Add user: vault write auth/userpass/users/student01 password=secret. Login: vault login -method=userpass username=student01. The token's lease appears as auth
/userpass/login/student01.
Overall Explanation from Vault Docs:
"The lease shown lives at auth/userpass/login/<username> and indicates the userpass auth method was used to obtain a token... The userpass method authenticates via username/password at its mount path." The path structure is a definitive indicator.
Reference:https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/docs/auth/userpass

NEW QUESTION # 44
Which of the following capabilities can be used when writing a Vault policy? (Select four)

A. apply
B. create
C. write
D. deny
E. list
F. root

Answer: B,C,D,E

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
Vault policies define access control using specific capabilities. The Vault documentation lists the valid capabilities:
"When creating a policy, only the following capabilities are available in Vault:
* create
* read
* update
* delete
* list
* sudo
* deny"-Vault Policies: Capabilities
* A: list is valid:
"The list capability enables the user to view a list of available resources or entities within Vault."
-Vault Policies: Capabilities
* B: deny is valid:
"The deny capability is used to explicitly deny access to specific resources or operations within Vault."
-Vault Policies: Capabilities
* E: create is valid:
"The create capability allows the user to create new policies, roles, tokens, and other entities within Vault."
-Vault Policies: Capabilities
* F: write is a common shorthand for update in Vault's context and is valid:
"The update capability (often referred to as write in CLI contexts) allows the user to modify or update existing resources or entities within Vault."
-Vault Policies: Capabilities
Note: While write isn't explicitly listed, it's synonymous with update in practice, as confirmed by CLI usage and community convention.
* C: apply is not a Vault policy capability.
* D: root is not a capability; it's a policy name for superuser access.
References:
Vault Policies: Capabilities

NEW QUESTION # 45
What is the result of the following Vault command?
$ vault auth enable kubernetes

A. Enables Vault to host an IdP for Kubernetes workloads
B. Allows Vault to access usernames and passwords stored in a Kubernetes cluster
C. Mounts the Kubernetes auth method to the default path of kubernetes/
D. Imports Kubernetes secrets to the local KV database

Answer: C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
The command vault auth enable kubernetes enables the Kubernetes authentication method in Vault. The HashiCorp Vault documentation states: "In order to enable auth methods, the command should be vault auth
<enable/disable> followed by the name of the auth method." Specifically, for Kubernetes, it explains: "The vault auth enable kubernetes command mounts the Kubernetes auth method to the default path of kubernetes
/." This allows Vault to authenticate Kubernetes workloads using their service account tokens at the path auth
/kubernetes/.
The documentation elaborates: "Once enabled, the Kubernetes auth method allows clients running in Kubernetes to authenticate with Vault using a Kubernetes Service Account Token. The default mount path is kubernetes/, though additional parameters can specify a different path." Option A is incorrect-Vault doesn't access usernames/passwords in Kubernetes; it uses tokens. Option C is wrong-it doesn't import secrets, only enables authentication. Option D is false-Vault doesn't become an Identity Provider (IdP); it authenticates against Kubernetes. Thus, B is correct.
Reference:
HashiCorp Vault Documentation - Secrets Enable Command
HashiCorp Vault Documentation - Kubernetes Auth Method

NEW QUESTION # 46
When Vault is sealed, which are the only two operations available to a Vault administrator? (Select two)

A. View the status of Vault
B. Configure policies
C. Unseal Vault
D. View data stored in the key/value store
E. Rotate the encryption key
F. Author security policies

Answer: A,C

Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed in Depth Explanation:
When Vault is sealed, its functionality is severely restricted to protect encrypted data. The HashiCorp Vault documentation states: "While Vault is sealed, the only two options available are viewing the vault status (vault status) and unsealing Vault (vault operator unseal). All the other actions require Vault to be unsealed and the user to be authenticated." This limitation ensures that no operations can access or modify data until the Vault is unsealed, enhancing security.
The documentation under "Shamir Seals" further elaborates: "When Vault is sealed, it knows where its encrypted data is stored but cannot decrypt it because the master key is not in memory. The only available operations are checking the seal status and initiating the unseal process." Thus:
* A (View the status of Vault): The vault status command works when sealed, providing details like seal state.
* E (Unseal Vault): The vault operator unseal command allows administrators to begin unsealing.
Options likeconfigure policies (B),view data in the key/value store (C),rotate the encryption key (D), and author security policies (F)require an unsealed Vault and authentication, making A and E the correct selections.
Reference:
HashiCorp Vault Documentation - Seal Concepts: Shamir Seals
HashiCorp Vault Documentation - Vault Status Command

NEW QUESTION # 47
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